Blog:
NXP iMX8基于Ycoto Project编译ROS2

Friday, April 23, 2021

简介

基于类似NXP iMX8这样性能强劲的ARM平台处理器,越来越多的工业智能/机器人应用比如AGV/AMR产品控制器在ARM平台上面实现,在这个过程中不可避免的就涉及到将机器人应用开发框架移植到ARM平台来运行,因此本文就着重示例基于Ycoto Project/Openembedded环境,将ROS(Robot Operating System)编译集成到嵌入式Linux中运行。 

ROS是一种为机器人应用设计的分布式处理框架,集成了大量相关库和工具,目的是为了提高机器人应用开发时代码复用率, 目前ROS已经发展到ROS2,这里就演示将ROS2最新版本Foxy集成到iMX8 Linux BSP中。

本文的演示的平台来自于Toradex Apalis iMX8 ARM嵌入式平台,这是一个基于NXP iMX8QM ARM处理器,支持Cortex-A72+A53和Coretex-M4架构的计算机模块平台。

准备

Apalis iMX8QM 4GB WB IT ARM核心版配合Ioxra 载板,连接调试串口UART1(载板X22)到开发主机方便调试。

Apalis iMX8 Ycoto Linux 集成ROS2编译环境配置和部署

Apalis iMX8 Ycoto Linux 通过Ycoto/Openembedded 框架编译,具体的配置方法请参考这里,首先下载好针对Apalis iMX8适用的基于Ycoto Dunfeil版本的BSP 5.x.y编译环境。

$ repo init -u https://git.toradex.com/toradex-manifest.git -b dunfell-5.x.y -m tdxref/default.xml
$ repo sync

下载meta-ros 和meta-python2 layer到上面下载好的ycoto环境

$ cd …/oe-core/layers/
### fetch meta-ros layer
$ git clone -b dunfell https://github.com/ros/meta-ros.git
### fetch meta-phthon2 layer
$ git clone -b dunfell https://github.com/YoeDistro/meta-python2.git

配置编译环境,添加编译ROS2 Foxy版本需要的相关layer,由于目前ycoto 编译ROS还无法支持图形界面相关,因此也要在编译环境中将相关的package排除出去。

./ 添加环境变量

### generate init env
$ cd …/oe-core/
$ source export
### add new env
$ export ROS_OE_RELEASE_SERIES="dunfell"
### make new env valid with bitbake
$ export BB_ENV_EXTRAWHITE="$BB_ENV_EXTRAWHITE ROS_OE_RELEASE_SERIES"

修改 build/conf/bblayers.conf 文件

 ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-freescale-distro \
 ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-toradex-demos \
 ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-qt5 \
+  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-python2 \
+  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-ros/meta-ros2-foxy \
+  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-ros/meta-ros2 \
+  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-ros/meta-ros-common \
+  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-ros/meta-ros-backports-gatesgarth \
 \
 \
 ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-toradex-distro \

修改 build/conf/local.conf 文件

### modify machine setting to apalis imx8
MACHINE ?= "apalis-imx8"

### add ros-core only or ros-world packagegroup for all ros2-foxy packages
IMAGE_INSTALL_append = " packagegroup-ros-world"

### blacklist below packages which currently not supported in ycoto compilation
### detailed impact package refer to \ /layers/meta-ros/meta-ros2-foxy/conf/ros-distro/include/foxy/ros-distro-recipe-blacklist.inc and \
layers/meta-ros/meta-ros2-foxy/recipes-core/packagegroups/packagegroup-ros-world-foxy.bb files

ROS_WORLD_SKIP_GROUPS = " opengl qt5 qt5-widgets pyqt5 qt-gui-cpp x11 ffmpeg webots-python-modules java libomp connext gazebo \
coinor-libipopt gurumdds ignition doosan-robot2 clang launch pugixml lanelet2-traffic-rules mongodb kobuki-ftdi ros1"


### define package graphviz version
PREFERRED_VERSION_graphviz = "2.40.1%"

### accept freescale EULA license
ACCEPT_FSL_EULA = "1"

修改 layers/meta-ros/meta-ros2-foxy/recipes-bbappends/osqp-vendor/osqp-vendor_0.0.2-1.bbappend 文件修复当前版本中的bug

-SRCREV_osqp = "c536acf012d071eed3529e0147afdd419348362a"
+SRCREV_osqp = "36ad83aed022e714c2fda1f13138443150435994"
SRCREV_qdldl = "12d56ee6b9494efee1da1e1dc6e7ac9c226f9ccf"

编译image和SDK

# compile Reference-Minimal image
$ bitbake bitbake tdx-reference-minimal-image
# compile Reference-Multimedia image
$ bitbake bitbake tdx-reference-multimedia-image

# compile SDK
bitbake tdx-reference-multimedia-image -c populate_sdk

Ycoto Linux image部署

参考这里通过Toradex Easy installer将上面编译好的image更新部署到模块,目前最新季度发布版本为Ycoto Linux V5.2,这里使用Reference-Minimal BSP image进行测试

ROS2 Foxy测试

修改ROS初始化相关脚本权限,增加执行权限

root@apalis-imx8:~# chmod +x /etc/profile.d/ros/*
root@apalis-imx8:~# ls -al /etc/profile.d/ros/setup.sh                                        
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     root          4372 Mar  9  2018 /etc/profile.d/ros/setup.sh

通过下面命令进行ROS2 Foxy简单测试

### check network connection
root@apalis-imx8:~# ping lge.com

### source setup script to export env
root@apalis-imx8:~# source /usr/bin/ros_setup.sh

### ros topic print
root@apalis-imx8:~# ros2 topic list
/parameter_events
/rosout

### ros interface print
root@apalis-imx8:~# ros2 interface list -m
……

### test
root@apalis-imx8:~# (sleep 5; ros2 topic pub /chatter std_msgs/String "data: Hello world") &
[1] 826
root@apalis-imx8:~# ros2 topic echo /chatter
publisher: beginning loop
publishing #1: std_msgs.msg.String(data='Hello world')
publishing #2: std_msgs.msg.String(data='Hello world')
publishing #3: std_msgs.msg.String(data='Hello world')
publishing #4: std_msgs.msg.String(data='Hello world')
data: Hello world
---
publishing #5: std_msgs.msg.String(data='Hello world')
data: Hello world
……

总结

本文基于NXP iMX8嵌入式平台演示了通过Ycoto Project/Openembedded框架将ROS2 Foxy集成到嵌入式Linux BSP中,目前meta-ros layer除了Foxy,还支持ROS1 melodic,ROS1 noetic,ROS2 dashing,ROS2 eloquent,其他ROS版本可以自行根据所需要的layer不同而适应修改后编译。

参考文献

https://github.com/ros/meta-ros/wiki/OpenEmbedded-Build-Instructions
https://developer.toradex.cn/knowledge-base/board-support-package/openembedded-core

Author: 秦海,技术销售工程师,韬睿(上海)

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